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Industrial Silica Sand
Available with us, is silica sand which is widely used for manufacturing glass and related products. We offer our high-grade Industrial silica sand in various grain sizes to cater to the specific requirements of our clients. |
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| Foundry Sand Industrial Foundry Sand consists primarily of clean, uniformly sized, high-quality silica sand or lake sand that is bonded to form molds for ferrous (iron and steel) and nonferrous (copper, aluminum, brass) metal castings. Although these sands are clean prior to use, after casting they may contain Ferrous (iron and steel) industries account for approximately 95 percent of foundry sand used for castings. The automotive industry and its parts suppliers are the major generators of foundry sand.
The most common casting process used in the foundry industry is the sand cast system. Virtually all sand cast molds for ferrous castings are of the green sand type. Green sand consists of high-quality silica sand, about 10 percent bentonite clay (as the binder), 2 to 5 percent water and about 5 percent sea coal (a carbonaceous mold additive to improve casting finish). The type of metal being cast determines which additives and what gradation of sand is used. The green sand used in the process constitutes upwards of 90 percent of the molding materials used.(1)
In addition to green sand molds, chemically bonded sand cast systems are also used. These systems involve the use of one or more organic binders (usually proprietary) in conjunction with catalysts and different hardening/setting procedures. Foundry sand makes up about 97 percent of this mixture. Chemically bonded systems are most often used for “cores” (used to produce cavities that are not practical to produce by normal molding operations) and for molds for nonferrous castings.
The annual generation of foundry waste (including dust and spent foundry sand) in the United States is believed to range from 9 to 13.6 million metric tons (10 to 15 million tons).(2) Typically, about 1 ton of foundry sand is required for each ton of iron or steel casting produced.
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| Glass Sand Sand consists of small grains1 or particles of mineral and rock fragments. Although these grains may be of any mineral composition, the dominant component of sand is the mineral quartz, which is composed of silica (silicon dioxide). Other components may include aluminium, feldspar and ironbearing minerals. Sand with particularly high silica levels that is used for purposes other than construction is referred to as silica sand or industrial sand. For a particular source of sand to be suitable for glassmaking, it must not only contain a very high proportion of silica but also should not contain more than strictly limited amounts of certain metallic elements. Silica sand is also normally required to be well sorted, ie to have grains of an approximately uniform size. Most sources of sand used by the construction industry do not satisfy these requirements and are not, therefore, suitable for glassmaking.
2. Silica sand may be produced from both unconsolidated sands and crushed sandstones. In addition to glassmaking, its other major use is in moulds for the foundry industry. Although glassmaking and foundry uses predominate, numerous minor uses are based on either the chemical purity or physical properties of the sand (such as grain-size distribution or grain shape). These include ceramics, water filtration, fluidized-bed furnaces and chemical manufacture. Owing to the demanding specifications required for each application, silica sand for glassmaking is distinct from that used for other purposes.
Grades of silica sand for glassmaking
The glass industry has established different standard specifications for the silica sand intended for seven types of glass. The requirements for these grades of silica sand are set out in BS 2975:1988, British standard methods for sampling and analysis of glassmaking sand (BS 2975)2 and cover the following applications:
- Optical and ophthalmic glass Grade A
- Tableware and lead crystal glass Grade B
- Borosilicate glass Grade C
- Colourless (or clear) container glass Grade D
- Clear flat glass Grade E
- Coloured container glass Grade F
- Glass for insulating fibres Grade G
4. BS 2975 gives detailed chemical and physical specifications for each of these grades of silica/glass
sand. These specify parameters such as:
(a) minimum silica levels; (b) maximum levels of aluminium, iron, chromium, copper, cobalt, nickel and vanadium; (c) maximum alkali levels; (d) maximum losses on heating; and (e) particle size distributions.
The amounts by which many of these parameters are permitted to vary between deliveries are also specified.
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